*French, Model 1831 Infantry Glaive (Short Sword), Napoléon III Era, with Scabbard*
Original French Model 1831 infantry glaive (short sword), dating to the mid-19th century and the period of Napoléon III. This example features the correct double-edged blade, of flattened diamond cross-section, terminating in a spear point, a neo-classical design inspired by the Roman gladius.
The blade surface remains largely bright, with scattered areas of age-related oxidation and light pitting, most evident toward the forte and ricasso. No maker’s name is discernible; however, the form and placement of the ricasso markings are consistent with Talabot, FS, Paris–produced examples, while the faint upper oval stamp corresponds in outline and position to known “PR” inspection marks. These features are in keeping with documented period M1831 infantry glaives.
The heavy cast brass hilt is of the regulation pattern, comprising 26 raised ribs to the grip, with short, down-turned quillons terminating in concentric disc finials. The hilt displays a deep, untouched patina with honest handling wear. The guard is issue stamped “740,” neatly struck through and renumbered “50,” a feature consistent with arsenal re-issue or inventory reassignment. The pommel remains firmly peened.
The glaive is accompanied by its original black leather scabbard, fitted with substantial brass throat and drag. The mounts are secured by brazed lugs, and the leather body remains intact, showing expected surface wear, creasing, and age cracking but no major losses.
Approx. Measurements – Blade length: 48.2 cm. Overall length: 63 cm.
Historical Note:
The French Model 1831 Infantry Glaive—often colloquially referred to as the “coupe-choux” (“cabbage chopper”)—was introduced during the July Monarchy and remained in service through the Second Empire. Its neo-classical form consciously echoed Roman antiquity, reflecting early 19th-century French military aesthetics and symbolism.
Intended as a durable close-combat and guard weapon for infantry and auxiliary troops, the M1831 saw continued service during the reign of Napoléon III despite the increasing dominance of firearms. Examples retaining their original scabbards and clear issue markings, such as this, are increasingly scarce.
*Condition*
Excellent blade with scattered oxidation and pitting, particularly at the forte and ricasso, but retaining correct profile and edge geometry. Brass hilt with surface scratches, handling marks, and a rich aged patina; no cracks or structural issues observed. Issue numbers clearly legible. Scabbard complete, with sound leather body showing wear, scuffs, and age cracking consistent with service use; brass mounts secure with visible brazing marks and period wear. Overall a strong, honest, untouched example. Please see photographs as part of the condition report.
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