~ WW2 German Merit Cross for Non-Combatant ~
The WW2 German Merit Cross for Non-Combatant, officially known as the Kriegsverdienstkreuz 2. Klasse ohne Schwerter (War Merit Cross, 2nd Class without Swords), was a civilian award in Nazi Germany. It was introduced on October 18, 1939, by Adolf Hitler to recognize contributions and services by individuals who supported the war effort in non-combat roles.
Design:
The Merit Cross is a bronze Maltese cross with a smooth finish and a swastika in the center, symbolizing the national emblem of Nazi Germany.
Unlike the military version, this non-combatant variant does not have swords, symbolizing its civilian and support role rather than combat service.
The date “1939” is engraved on the bottom arm of the cross, marking the year it was established.
Ribbon:
The cross is suspended from a red, white, and black striped ribbon. The colors reflect the national colors of Nazi Germany.
The design of the ribbon varies slightly depending on whether it is for military or civilian recognition, with the civilian version typically worn around the neck or attached with a pin.
Classes and Variants:
The Merit Cross was awarded in several grades, with the 2nd Class being a more common award, while the 1st Class was awarded for higher distinction.
The Merit Cross was also issued “with swords” for military personnel performing support roles in the line of duty. The “without swords” version was specifically for civilians or those performing valuable work outside of combat.
Recipients and Purpose:
The War Merit Cross for Non-Combatants was awarded to civilians, industrial workers, scientists, doctors, and other professionals who contributed to the German war effort without direct involvement in combat.
It was an acknowledgment of behind-the-scenes contributions, whether through industry, research, logistics, or administration, essential for the functioning of the German military and civilian sectors during the war.
Historical Context:
The War Merit Cross filled a similar role to awards like the Iron Cross but for those not in combat roles, allowing recognition across all aspects of society contributing to the war effort.
It symbolized the importance the Nazi regime placed on total mobilization, where everyone, not only soldiers, was seen as part of the war machine.
These crosses were awarded in substantial numbers throughout the war, as civilian involvement in wartime industries and services became increasingly essential.